Clone and Patch

My wife loves taking pictures of the sunset from our deck. The problem is that there are these annoying powerlines in the way. After playing around with a few different combinations and techniques using the Clone and Patch tools in Photoshop, I eventually figured out how to remove many of these blemishes:




The main line, the one that crosses the median of the image, was removed using the patch tool. I marqueed out sections using the polygonal lasso tool and then applied the corrections using patch in the source mode. This is great for taking out details in conspicuous areas but that don't need to hold up to a lot of scrutiny. In full size, the edges of the correction are still slightly visible. This may be corrected by feathering the marquee, but that creates a strange blurry line that seems to be more visible than the single pixel issues that exist here.

For the lower lines in the branches by the right hand corner, I used the clone tool. By selecting a a very close sample, located perhaps no more than a brush stroke away, and applying the brush in small strokes the lines simply vanish. It's a bit more difficult when the area you're trying to correct is mottled, like the visible line that ran through the branches, and, as you can see, there are still some anomalies there, but overall one wouldn't know that there had been powerlines there at all.

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For my brushing, I opted to create a video tutorial. A friend of mine sent me a family portrait that needed some work. I created the following video to explain the process of using brush strokes to correct the issues. Due to length, I had to cut the video into two parts. If the second one isn't immediately available, you find it here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fr0chm1M6XU

More Photo Corrections

Dodge and Burn

Once again, I have this great image of the foliage, but it just isn't quite right. In this case, the haze in front of the mountain has caused the colors to appear washed out and very blah. To correct this, I first turned to my good friend the color select tool. By applying this tool to the color of the framing trees with a moderate fuzziness, I was able to create a marquee that isolated the trees from the hill. Using this selection, I created a layer mask on a copied layer of the original image. This allowed me to only change the pixels of the hill, without altering the foreground trees, which were unaffected by the haze. This process was literally burning off the fog.

This is my first time seeing it on this computer monitor (my laptop has Photoshop on it, the desktop is easier type on, though), it looks like I may have gone a little bit overboard with the burn tool. Not to worry! I can always go back and lighten the pixels up again with the dodge tool. Worst case, I can always scrap the layer and start over, as I made all of my alterations on a copy rather than destroying the original.

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Filters

There are a couple of filters in use on this image. The first is an overlaid Highpass filter. The original image was a little blurry, and sharpen wouldn't touch it. One way to correct this type of issue involves an underused filter called Highpass. Start by making a copy of your original layer. Set this copy to Overlay and then head up to the filters menu. At the very bottom of the list, under Other, you'll find Highpass. This filter sets the fill of your layer to 50% gray (invisible in overlay mode) and highlights the edges of your subjects, the amount of which is varied pixel settings in the dialogue. When this layer is applied over the original, it creates the illusion of sharpening the focus.

Once this was done, I went into the sketch filters. I ended up settling on the Charcoal filter after playing with the settings for a while. After applying this filter on a copied layer, I masked out the edges of my subjects using the Quick Mask tool. This allowed me to very quickly create a layer mask that isolated them. made a new layer copy, copied the mask over, and played with the opacity settings and a few effects until I achieved this stylized image.

I created this image by playing around with the distort filters. I started with the sunset image. On a new layer, I created a circular marquee, which I filled with white and adjusted down to an opacity of 20%. This was the start of the crystal ball. I then used some brush strokes on new layers, white in the top left and black in the bottom right, to create the sphere shadowing. These brush strokes were a little heavy, though, a problem rectified by applying a Gaussian blur to the offending layers. This diffuses the contents of the layer outward, much like stretching a rubber band. This also has the added effect of making the pixels transparent, making the shadows much more subtle.

Once I had the sphere in place, I reselected the circle layer, created a new marquee from the layer, and created a copy of the sunset area inside the marquee. To this new layer I applied the spherize filter, found under Distort. The only thing left to do was add the background shadowing and a little lighting. The former was accomplished with layer effects, the latter utilized the Lighting Effects filter, found under Render.

Photo Corrections

Well, rather than go full-tilt into this one, I decided to go with some subtle changes to the pictures that really change the mood and tone of the images. The first one focused on isolating the central flower. Anyone following this blog may recognize it as the center image used a few weeks ago in the collage project. I've since come to love this image, and used am now using a version of this photo on my desktop. Below, you'll find the original and the updated copies:

In the original, the flower is there, but it doesn't really pop. I used Photoshop CS to correct this. The first step was to duplicate the image, creating two layers of the same image. To darken the background, I used a Hue/Saturation adjustment layer. I linked this adjustment layer to the lower copy of the flower image and adjusted the lightness down, darkening the layer to be used as the background. Next, I selected the untouched flower image layer. Using the pen tool, I roughly outlined the main flower. From the finished workpath, I created a selection. With this selection I created a layer mask, which I used to hide everything except the main flower. I could just have easily deleted the content outside the flower, but I felt more comfortable leaving that information there, jsut in case I needed it.

Once the flower was isolated, I reselected the layer mask, which I then contracted and feathered. Using this selection, I created another Hue/Saturation adjustment layer. By using this selection, I could ensure that only the main flower would be adjusted in the next steps. In the Hue/Saturation adjustment dialogue, I changed the mode from Master color adjustement to Yellow adjustment, making sure that only the yellow of the flower would be tinted, and then adjusted the levels until I got the red tinge and darkness that I desired.

The final product is an entirely new image. By isolating this flower, we refocus the attention of the image, and by changing the colors and lighting we give the flower a whole new story to tell the world

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This next image is one of the foliage this fall at Caspian Lake in Greensboro (another familiar subject to any frequent readers). Unfortunately, the day was a little dark and overcast when this picture was taken, resulting in a less-than-vibrant portrayal of the beautiful colors and a slightly somber mood, rather than the bright and cheery of the actual day.

To correct this image, I started by using the Select Color option in the Select menu. Using this, I selected the darkest gray in the clouds. This created a selection that only included the gray-tones of the sky and water, leaving the hills and trees alone.

Using this selection, I created a Color Balance adjustment layer. In this dialogue, you can adjust three sliders, each affecting a different set of two colors each: Cyan-Red, Magenta-Green and Yellow-Blue. You also have control over what aspects of the image are touched: Shadows, Midtones and Highlights. By carefully tweaking the cyan and blue levels of each of these three aspects, I was able to create a cheery blue sky where once there was gray. Unfortunately, this left the water wanting, having taken only parts of the gray out there and leaving it splotchy. To correct this, I used a rectangular marquee to select the water areas and gave the layer mask on the adjustment layer a healthy Gausian blur. By doing this, I essentially leveled out the highs and lows on the layer mask, removing the jagged and splotchy look, making it feel more natural.

Now, once I had finished with the water and sky, I noticed that the hills felt a bit dull. These corrections were accomplished by reselecting the layer mask for the sky, inverting the selection (essentially selecting the hills and trees) and creating a Selective Color adjustment layer. This adjustment tool allows you to select different color aspects of your image (the blues, reds, yellows, neutrals, blacks, magentas, cyans, whites and greens) and adjust the color tones in much the same way that the Color Balance works, except that each color slider is independent. By manipulating these levels, I was able to reawaken the foliage colors in the hills.

The examples above used some mid-level steps, but each effect could have been achieved in completely different ways. For example, had I not wanted to add the red to the flower image, I could have simply used the original selection and darkened the surrounding flowers, leaving out several steps. I could also have added the red by using blurred brush strokes and selections.